According to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation and the government order, dozens of enterprises including plants, R&D and production associations, design bureaus and R&D institutes were merged into a single group – “Almaz – Antey” Air Defence Corporation, JSC. Those companies were involved in development and production of short-, medium- and long-range air defence missile systems, main types of radar reconnaissance equipment and automatic control systems. Yu. M. Svirin became the first General Director of the Corporation to be replaced by I. M. Klimov since December, 2022.

It included more than 60 enterprises from 18 regions of the country. The Board of Directors of the new integrated structure was headed by Assistant to the President of the Russian Federation V.P. Ivanov.

The concern became the first large holding created within the framework of the Federal Target Program "Reform and Development of the Defense-Industrial Complex" (2002-2006). It was assigned the function of a pioneer in solving the problems of forming share capital and a corporate management system.

In 2007, the S-400 Triumph anti-aircraft missile system was adopted into service.

By decree of the President of the Russian Federation in 2008, the Concern was designated the sole supplier (prime contractor) and is the leading system integrator in the sphere of airspace use, including the Unified Air Traffic Management System of the Russian Federation.